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All translations and transliterations for
Yoga Sutra 2:34
Source: Sanskrit transliteration from The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Sri Swami Satchidananda)
VITARKA HIMSADAYAH KRTA KARITANUMODITA LOBHA KRODHA MOHA PURVAKA MRDU MADHYADHIMATRA DUHKHAJNANANANTA PHALA ITI PRATIPAKSA BHAVANAM.
Source: English translation from The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Sri Swami Satchidananda)
When negative thoughts or acts such as violence, etc. are caused to be done or even approved of, whether incited by greed, anger or infatuation, whether indulged in with mild, medium or extreme intensity, they are based on ignorance and bring certain pain. Reflecting thus is also pratipaksha bhavanam.
Source: Sanskrit transliteration from Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (B.K.S. Iyengar)
vitarkah himsadayah krta karita anumoditah lobha krodha moha purvakah mrdu madhya adhimatrah duhkha ajnana anantaphalah iti pratipaksabhavanam
Source: English translation from Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (B.K.S. Iyengar)
Uncertain knowledge giving rise to violence, whether done directly or indirectly, or condoned, is caused by greed, anger or delusion in mild, moderate or intense degree. It results in endless pain and ignorance. Through introspection comes the end of pain and ignorance.
Source: How to Know God: The Yoga Aphorisms of Patanjali (Swami Prabhavananda, Christopher Isherwood)
The obstacles to yoga -- such as acts of violence and untruth -- may be directly created or indirectly caused or approved, they may be motivated by greed, anger or self-interest, they may be small or moderate or great, but they never cease to result in pain and ignorance. One should overcome distracting thoughts by remembering this.
Source: English translation from The Heart of Yoga (T.K.V. Desikachar)
For example, a sudden desire to act harshly, or encourage or approve of harsh actions can be contained by reflecting on the harmful consequences. Often such actions are the results of lower instincts such as anger, possessiveness, or unsound judgment. Whether these actions are minor or major, reflection in a suitable atmosphere can contain our desires to act in this way.
Source: Sanskrit transliteration of the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati)
vitarkah himsadayah krita karita anumoditah lobha krodha moha purvakah mridu madhya adhimatrah dukha ajnana ananta phala iti pratipaksha bhavanam
Source: English translation of the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati)
Actions arising out of such negative thoughts are performed directly by oneself, caused to be done through others, or approved of when done by others. All of these may be preceded by, or performed through anger, greed or delusion, and can be mild, moderate or intense in nature. To remind oneself that these negative thoughts and actions are the causes of unending misery and ignorance is the contrary thought, or principle in the opposite direction that was recommended in the previous sutra.
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